Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of premature death in most of the world, and lower income households in most societies bear a disproportionate share of the associated preventable deaths. The papers by the Lancet Taskforce on NCDs and economics1–5 are a welcome addition to the evidence we need for reducing this disease burden. The papers show yet again that the necessary prevention and control measures for NCDs are multisectoral. The Lancet Taskforce on NCDs and economics highlights the role of fiscal policies in encouraging healthy diets and lifestyles to reduce the largest contributors to preventable NCDs—namely, smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, and obesity.